Case Study of SD-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Explore your knowledge of Physical Health Problem and how nurse can help people Optimize their Physical and Mental Health. Answer: Introduction The current assignment focuses on the aspect of nursing policy and procedures implemented in the care of the ones suffering from co-morbid mental and physical conditions. The current study highlights the potential nursing interventions and the plausible outcomes of the same in dealing with the ones suffering firm co-morbid illness conditions. Some of the major nursing procedures have been highlighted throughout the assignment such as the policies of therapeutic communication and active listening for comprehending the problem situation of the support users. Additionally, the implementation of a patient centred approach is useful in understanding the grievances faced by the patient. Also, such programs put the patient at the centre of the care process along with the implementation of the policy of informed decision making. The goal is to provide sufficient autonomy to support service user along. The nursing practices are again based upon the aspects of the development of trust and emotional bonding with the patients. Therefore, the nursing strategies need to implement care and empathy as the backbone of the services. Briefcase history of a person with co-morbid physical and mental illness The current assignment emphasizes upon a particular case history where the patient had co-morbid physical and mental illnesses. The patient here is a 48-year-old lady named as SD had been suffering from a number of mental and physical issues. The patient had been seen to have long-term chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance syndrome, osteoarthritis, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, Gastroesophageal Reflex Disorder (GORD) and hyperchylomicronaemia among the few. The patient had been a long-term smoker with a history of Constructive Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) and urinary incontinence. Additionally, the patient had been exposed to a number of mental health conditions such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, personality disorder and acrophobia. The patient here often exhibits argumentative and verbally abusive behaviour. She also threatens to self-harm herself in case of her needs and demands not being satisfied. The patient had been abandoned by her mother when she was only 11 years old and from then had been living with her grandparents. Therefore, early separation from parents might have been the catalyst in the deterioration of the patient health. SD had a brief working history in the different food industry, take away shops and supermarkets for a while. She is a divorce and had four children, who had also separated from her owing to her present and aggravated mental condition. The patient also has a history of osteoarthritis which makes movement difficult for her. Therefore, she had to take the support of a 22-inch long wheelchair for managing her daily acti vities. Therefore, the assignment aims at the application of theory to practise for the development of a management plan. Causative factors of the physical health problem and its impact on the life of the person The complex physical condition of the patient could be attributed to a number of causative factors. The patient had been suffering from chronic type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is characterised by the presence of high levels of high levels of blood sugar, insulin resistance or lack of sufficient insulin in the body. As commented by Knowles et al. (2013), the presence of elevated levels of blood sugar level could be related to a number of clinical symptoms such as diabetic neuropathy resulting the damage of the nerve cells of the arms and legs, restricting the movements of an individual. The patient had been seen to be obese and possess conditions such as osteoarthritis. This could be attributed to the presence of elevated levels of blood sugar level resulting in conditions of diabetic neuropathy. As commented by ONeil et al. (2012), the presence of obesity increases the risk for the contraction of long-term ailments such as diabetes in the patient. The presences of fat layers have bee n linked with the increased amount of triglycerides in the blood of the patient (Berge et al., 2012). Additionally, SD also expressed symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) along with GORD. As argued by Kolappa, Henderson and Kishore (2013), the IBS could be related to the presence of elevated levels of mental disturbances faced by the patient owing o the condition of bipolar disorder. As commented by Cooper and Marshall (2013), the imbalances of important chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine in the brain have a serious effect on the levels of other hormone secretion. Thus, the disruption in the levels of normal hormone synthesis results in digestive disorders. Here, SD had also reported the presence of pancreatic disorders which could be attributed to the presence of an amount of triglycerides in the blood resulting in pancreatic inflammation. Current and potential medical treatment options For the treatment of the current medical status of the patient, a number of medical interventions and strategies have been followed. As commented by Lawrence, Hancock and Kisely (2013), effective medication management is crucial in ensuring faster and optimal standards of care services for the patient. Here, the patient SD had been suffering from a number of physical and mental co-morbid conditions. Therefore, the nurses attending the patient here need to well informed about the plethora of conditions that the patient might be exposed to. SD had been affected with bipolar disorder which made her conditions of anxiety even worse. Therefore, she had to be provided with mild sedatives and anti-anxiety medications. As commented by Fazel et al. ( 2012), the major constituent of the anxiety drugs are benzodiazepines which have been reportedly known to affect the stomach and the digestion process. The following medications are prescribed for the patient such as Pariet, Symbicort inhaler, Panadol Osteo, rosuvastatin, lithium, Metformine, Paroxitine, Aripiprazole, etc. The inhalers are prescribed to SD for the management of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. Additionally, the Pariet group of medication have been suggested in the patient for relieving the symptoms of GORD faced by the patient. It belongs to the group of proton pump inhibitors which controls or reduces the amount of acid secretion in the stomach. The metformin is used to treat the type 2 diabetes present in the patient. As commented by Geddes and Miklowitz (2013), the metformin group of medicines have to be repeated at proper intervals of time for the maintenance of a normal level of insulin in the blood. The Panadol osteo had been suggested to the patient as a treatment relief for arthritis in the patient. Here, SD is a 48-year-old lady who has been dependent on wheelchairs owing her long-term condition of osteoarthritis. Therefore, the goal of the nursing care would be to reduce the dependency of the lady on wheelchairs and perform her daily set of activities effectively. For the purpose of which holistic care regimen needs to be designed for the patient. Additionally, the patient had been dependent upon Aripiprazole, which are medicines suggested for the treatment of mental disorders or mood swings in patients. As commented by Brunoni et al. (2012), the increasing dependence upon mood enhancers has been seen to reduce the mental resilience in people or the potential of appropriate screening and decision-making procedures. In this context, the patient needs to be provided with effective medical interventions and moral support. The nurses could play an effective role in reducing the grievances of the patient and providing the patient with sufficient alternative medical strategies and interventions (Collins et al., 2013). Nursing interventions The nursing policies and care interventions play a pivotal role in catering to the complex health requirements of the patient. Here, the patient SD had been suffering from a number of co-morbid conditions including a bipolar and mental disorder. As commented by McElroy et al. (2012), the thinking and decision-making abilities of a person affected with mental illness are often affected severely. The ones exhibiting violent and fussy kind of behaviour are often difficult to deal with. Therefore, the nurses or the support carers need to develop an effective bond with the patient. In the present context, a number of nursing interventions and policies have been discussed which helps in meeting the demands of the patient along with providing the patient with sufficient autonomy. A number of approaches have been focussed upon here which have been found to affect the health care services to a great extent. Some of these factors are poor follow up, lack of support carer continuity. As commented by Knowles et al. (2013), following the health details of a patient suffering from a number of co-morbid clinical conditions is very important. This helps the preservation of the important health details related to a patient. Additionally, the nursing care plans and strategies should also take into consideration a number of healthcare norms and acts such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). The nursing interventions are mainly based upon the strategies for assessment adopted by the nurse. The assessment consists of a number of complex steps and procedures followed by the nurses in providing care and support to patients with SD. The assessment methods could be divided into two main forms of management such as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The pharmacological interventions depend upon the aspects of medication reconciliation and collecting collateral information. The medical reconciliation helps in the collection of important information pertaining to the medical schedule and compliance to the various medical process adopted by the patient. SD had been reportedly showing allergies or intolerance to a number of medications such as Tarzan, Metronidazole and Valproate. Therefore, administration of any forms of allergenic medications to the patient could result in the development of acute immune responses (Stanton and Reaburn,2014). The second plausible intervention which could be exercised by the nurse over here is a collection of collateral information about the past and present condition of the patient. In this respect, sufficient participation from the family members of the patients is very important. However as supported by Briskman et al. (2012), lack of sufficient support from the family members of the patient could be misleading. Here, SD had been practically abandoned by her family owing to her deteriorating mental condition. Therefore, the role of the nurse is also to provide sufficient empathy to support service users like SD. This forms the basis for the development of an effective bond between the patient and the nurse catering after the requirements of the patient. Here, the nurse could develop a deep bond with the patient using the aspects of the therapeutic relationship. The therapeutic relationship is again dependent upon two main parameters such as the establishment of mutual respect between the patient and the nurse along with the acceptance of the difference of opinions. However as argued by Hultsjo and Hjelm (2012), the lack of providing sufficient autonomy and freedom to care service users like SD can result in the development of a chaotic situation within an acute care setup. As commented by Vancampfort et al. (2013), the development of an emotional bond with the patient rests upon certain important feelings such as trust, empathy, authenticity, respect, seeking clarity and active listening. Some of the other interventions which could be used by the nurse in caring for SD are the aspects of therapeutic communication which is based on active listening. The therapeutic communication is different from the other forms of social communication. Here, the nurse focuses more upon the grievances reported by the patient, providing a patient with sufficient space to break the closure. As commented by Chwastiak et al. (2014), the inculcation of the method further helps in placing the patient at the centre of the care and support services. The practice of the therapeutic communication methods with SD can help in increasing herself with along with promoting a decision makingcare policies. The objectives of the therapeutic communication can be achieved by using a number of simple steps of the process such as provision of a proper acknowledgement to the view expressed by the patient even if the nurses or the caring professional do not directly agree with the ideologies expressed by the patient(ONeil et al., 2015). Paraphrasing the statement of the patient in simpler terms can help in making support users like SD develop a connection with the nurses or the caring professions. As asserted by Collins et al. (2013), arguments of any form with a patient expressing psychotic symptoms should be avoided. On the other hand, the non-pharmacological intervention puts pressure on the collection of collateral information about the patient through their friends and family (Nordentoft et al., 2013). Here, the patient SD had been abandoned by her family and lacks any forms of communication with them. Therefore, inculcation of family and friends within the care processes can make the patient more responsive and agile. In this respect, the nursing professional looking after the care concerns of the patient need to encourage talks between the patient and their family members by providing them with sufficient and required amount of information. Therefore, as supported by Baumeister et al. ( 2012), the values of authenticity coincides with the policy of decision making. Rationales for interventions and expected outcomes The current study empathizes upon two main methods for catering to the co-morbid conditions present in the 42-year-old patient SD. Here, a number of nursing interventions and strategies have been applied to the patient such as the development of therapeutic relationship along with the establishment of therapeutic communication approaches. In the context, of dealing with patients with SD who had been suffering from a number of co-morbid physical and mental conditions higher levels of understanding and empathy is required by the nursing professionals. As commented by Stanton and Reaburn (2014), the presence of stigma within the society regarding mental health issues can affect the nursing interventions and strategies which could be applied for catering to the care requirements of the patient. However, the problem situation of the patient is much complex in nature over here owing to the stringent medical conditions that the patient is exposed to. Therefore, for the prevention and manage ment of the physical and mental health condition of the patient, a number of supporting management and intervention policies can be used. Conclusion The current study focuses on the aspect of nursing policies and procedures for providing sufficient autonomy and stability to the ones suffering from co-morbid mental and physical health conditions. Here, the patient SD had been suffering from long-term issues such as diabetes along with bipolar disorder. The patient owing to her disabled mental conditions had been abandoned by her family. Also, the patient had been depicting violet behaviour making difficult for the nursing professional to attend her. However, allowing the patient with sufficient capacity and space to exercise her will along with the implementation of the some of the basic nursing policies such as aspects of therapeutic communication and an empathetic patient centred approach could help in catering to the patient requirements. However, for the effective provision of the care serviced detailed study and sufficient support from the family members of the support user is required. References Berge, L. I., Riise, T., Fasmer, O. B., Lund, A., Oedegaard, K. J., Hundal, . (2012). Risk of depression in diabetes is highest for young persons using oral anti?diabetic agents. Diabetic Medicine, 29(4), 509-514. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03530.x [Accessed on 19 Oct. 2017] Briskman, I., Bar, G., Boaz, M., Shargorodsky, M. (2012). Impact of co-morbid mental illness on the diagnosis and management of patients hospitalized for medical conditions in a general hospital. 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